01 / The world before
Specialized cells were thought to be locked into their state.
02 / The discovery
Reprogramming returned some adult cells to a pluripotent state.
03 / The people
John Gurdon, Shinya Yamanaka and research teams.
04 / The obstacles
Turning a cell technique into safe therapy is difficult.
05 / The world after
A new platform opened avenues for disease modeling.
06 / Why it still matters
Laboratory possibility is distinct from proven clinical treatment.